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- Title
Leptin, CD4<sup>+</sup> T<sub>reg</sub> and the prospects for vaccination against H. pylori infection.
- Authors
Walduck, Anna K.; Becher, Dorit
- Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection induces chronic inflammation which is characterized not only by infiltrations of inflammatory cells such as neutrophils and CD4+ T cells, but also significant populations of regulatory T cells (Treg). These cells are important for disease pathogenesis because they are believed to contribute to the persistence of the infection. Despite encouraging results in animal models, the prospects for an effective H. pylori vaccine are currently poor because of generally disappointing results in preclinical and phase 1 trials. As a result, a current major focus of basic research on vaccination is to better understand the mechanisms regulating the inflammatory response with the view it can inform future vaccine design. Our studies in this area have focused on gastric CD4+ Treg in vaccinated mice, and raised the hypothesis that adipokines in particular leptin are involved the establishment of a protective gastric immune response. Here we discuss the hypothesis that vaccination deregulates Treg responses in the gastric mucosa, and that this process is mediated by leptin. We propose that reduced suppression permits a protective sub population of H. pylori-specific CD4+ T cells to exert protective effects, presumably via the gastric epithelium. Evidence from the literature and experimental approaches will be discussed.
- Subjects
LEPTIN; T cells; HELICOBACTER pylori infections; HELICOBACTER pylori; INFLAMMATION treatment; IMMUNE response; VACCINATION
- Publication
Frontiers in Immunology, 2012, Vol 3, p1
- ISSN
1664-3224
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3389/fimmu.2012.00316