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- Title
Alkannin exerts antitumor properties in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma by inducing apoptosis and shifting the M1/M2 polarization of tumor‐associated macrophages by upregulating PTEN.
- Authors
Zhang, Zhong‐Zhao; Wen, Chang‐Hui; Jia, Min; Zhang, Hong‐Qiang; Sun, Shao‐Qin
- Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is a common cancer in humans and is the second major type of skin cancer that causes death in humans. In this article, we investigated the effects of alkannin on CSCC progression. We revealed that alkannin curbed CSCC cell viability in a dose‐dependent manner and accelerated CSCC cell apoptosis. In addition, alkannin expedited macrophage M1 polarization while curbing M2 polarization. Moreover, alkannin elevated phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) abundance in CSCC cells. The results of bioinformatics analysis revealed that alkannin might modulate CSCC via PTEN. Downregulation of PTEN reversed the effects of alkannin on apoptosis of CSCC cells and M1/M2 polarization of macrophages. Alkannin reduced CSCC tumor growth in a mouse xenograft model. In conclusion, alkannin curbed the advancement of CSCC by expediting apoptosis and facilitating M1 polarization of macrophages by upregulating PTEN. These data may offer a therapeutic approach against CSCC.
- Subjects
SKIN cancer; SQUAMOUS cell carcinoma; PTEN protein; MACROPHAGES; APOPTOSIS; THERAPEUTICS
- Publication
Kaohsiung Journal of Medical Sciences, 2023, Vol 39, Issue 1, p70
- ISSN
1607-551X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1002/kjm2.12617