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- Title
Safety Behaviors and Stuttering.
- Authors
Lowe, Robyn; Helgadottir, Fjola; Menzies, Ross; Heard, Rob; O'Brian, Sue; Packman, Ann; Onslow, Mark
- Abstract
Purpose: Those who are socially anxious may use safety behaviors during feared social interactions to prevent negative outcomes. Safety behaviors are associated with anxiety maintenance and poorer treatment outcomes because they prevent fear extinction. Social anxiety disorder is often comorbid with stuttering. Speech pathologists reported in a recent publication (Helgadottir, Menzies, Onslow, Packman, & O'Brian, 2014a) that they often recommended procedures for clients that could be safety behaviors. This study investigated the self-reported use of safety behaviors by adults who stutter. Method: Participants were 133 adults who stutter enrolled in an online cognitive-behavior therapy program. Participants completed a questionnaire about their use of potential safety behaviors when anxious during social encounters. Correlations were computed between safety behaviors and pretreatment scores on measures of fear of negative evaluation and negative cognitions. Results: Of 133 participants, 132 reported that they used safety behaviors. Many of the safety behaviors correlated with higher scores for fear of negative evaluation and negative cognitions. Conclusions: Adults who stutter report using safety behaviors, and their use is associated with pretreatment fear of negative evaluation and unhelpful thoughts about stuttering. These results suggest that the negative effects of safety behaviors may extend to those who stutter, and further research is needed.
- Subjects
SAFETY -- Social aspects; STUTTERING; SOCIAL anxiety; COMORBIDITY; PSYCHOLOGY of adults; SELF-evaluation; FEAR &; society; SOCIAL interaction; MENTAL health; ATTITUDE (Psychology); BEHAVIORAL assessment; QUESTIONNAIRES; COGNITIVE therapy; RESEARCH funding; THERAPEUTICS
- Publication
Journal of Speech, Language & Hearing Research, 2017, Vol 60, Issue 5, p1246
- ISSN
1092-4388
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1044/2016_JSLHR-S-16-0055