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- Title
Early Peri-Implant Bone Healing on Laser-Modified Surfaces with and without Hydroxyapatite Coating: An In Vivo Study.
- Authors
Santos, Ana Flávia Piquera; da Silva, Rodrigo Capalbo; Hadad, Henrique; de Jesus, Laís Kawamata; Pereira-Silva, Maísa; Nímia, Heloisa Helena; Oliveira, Sandra Helena Penha; Guastaldi, Antônio Carlos; Queiroz, Thallita Pereira; Poli, Pier Paolo; Barbosa, Debora de Barros; da Silva Fabris, André Luis; Garcia Júnior, Idelmo Rangel; Gruber, Reinhard; Souza, Francisley Ávila
- Abstract
Simple Summary: This research investigated the impact of different surface modifications on the osseointegration of dental implants. The study conducted experiments on rabbit tibiae comparing conventional machined surfaces (MSs) with those modified using a laser beam (LSs) or a laser beam incorporating hydroxyapatite (HA) by means of biomimetic methods without thermic treatment (LHSs). Utilizing scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM/EDX) and fluorochrome labeling techniques, the study evaluated bone formation over a four-week period. The results demonstrated significantly improved bone contact and newly formed bone area with LSs and LHSs compared to MSs. These findings suggest that surface modifications, particularly LS modifications and LHS modifications, enhance osseointegration, potentially leading to an enhanced longevity and performance of dental implants in clinical settings. (1) Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the biological behavior of bone tissue on a machined surface (MS) and modifications made by a laser beam (LS) and by a laser beam incorporated with hydroxyapatite (HA) using a biomimetic method without thermic treatment (LHS). (2) Methods: Scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry (SEM/EDX) was performed before and after installation in the rabbit tibiae. A total of 20 Albinus rabbits randomly received 30 implants of 3.75 × 10 mm in the right and left tibias, with two implants on each surface in each tibia. In the animals belonging to the 4-week euthanasia period group, intramuscular application of the fluorochromes calcein and alizarin was performed. In implants placed mesially in the tibiofemoral joint, biomechanical analysis was performed by means of a removal torque (N/cm). The tibias with the implants located distally to the joint were submitted for analysis by confocal laser microscopy (mineral apposition rate) and for histometric analysis by bone contact implant (%BIC) and newly formed bone area (%NBA). (3) Results: The SEM showed differences between the surfaces. The biomechanical analysis revealed significant differences in removal torque values between the MSs and LHSs over a 2-week period. Over a 4-week period, both the LSs and LHSs demonstrated removal torque values statistically higher than the MSs. BIC of the LHS implants were statistically superior to MS at the 2-week period and LHS and LS surfaces were statistically superior to MS at the 4-week period. Statistical analysis of the NBA of the implants showed difference between the LHS and MS in the period of 2 weeks. (4) Conclusions: The modifications of the LSs and LHSs provided important physicochemical modifications that favored the deposition of bone tissue on the surface of the implants.
- Subjects
TIBIOFEMORAL joint; DENTAL implants; DENTAL acid etching; HYDROXYAPATITE coating; YAG lasers; OSSEOINTEGRATION
- Publication
Biology (2079-7737), 2024, Vol 13, Issue 7, p533
- ISSN
2079-7737
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/biology13070533