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- Title
Macroevolutionary patterns in marine hermaphroditism.
- Authors
Jarvis, George C.; White, Craig R.; Marshall, Dustin J.
- Abstract
Most plants and many animals are hermaphroditic; whether the same forces are responsible for hermaphroditism in both groups is unclear. The well‐established drivers of hermaphroditism in plants (e.g., seed dispersal potential, pollination mode) have analogues in animals (e.g., larval dispersal potential, fertilization mode), allowing us to test the generality of the proposed drivers of hermaphroditism across both groups. Here, we test these theories for 1153 species of marine invertebrates, from three phyla. Species with either internal fertilization, restricted offspring dispersal, or small body sizes are more likely to be hermaphroditic than species that are external fertilizers, planktonic developers, or larger. Plants and animals show different biogeographical patterns, however: animals are less likely to be hermaphroditic at higher latitudes—the opposite to the trend in plants. Overall, our results suggest that similar forces, namely, competition among offspring or gametes, shape the evolution of hermaphroditism across plants and three invertebrate phyla.
- Subjects
INTERSEXUALITY; INTERSEXUALITY in animals; SEED dispersal; MARINE invertebrates; LARVAL dispersal; GAMETES; POLLINATION
- Publication
Evolution, 2022, Vol 76, Issue 12, p3014
- ISSN
0014-3820
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/evo.14639