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- Title
Water quality assessment of the River Kabul at Peshawar, Pakistan: Industrial and urban wastewater impacts.
- Authors
Ullah, Zahid; Khan, Hizbullah; Waseem, Amir; Mahmood, Qaisar; Farooq, Umar
- Abstract
Untreated wastewater discharges may have significant short term and long term effects on the quality of a river system. Present study was undertaken to assess the present status of the water quality of the River Kabul near Peshawar in Pakistan. Seven sites were sampled upstream and downstream in the River Kabul in 2009. Samples were also taken from waste water channel (Budni Drain) that carries waste-water of Peshawar Industrial Estate as well as the domestic sewers to assess the pollution contribution of these sources to the River Kabul. Physico-chemical and microbiological parameters of the samples were analyzed during the study, as well as possible sources of contamination were investigated. The study showed that the pollution level in river is rising from upstream (at city entrance) to downstream (at city exit) due to discharge of domestic waste water effluents, agricultural activities, and solid waste dumping directly into the river.
- Subjects
KABUL River (Afghanistan &; Pakistan); WATER quality monitoring; SEWAGE &; the environment; INDUSTRIAL waste &; the environment; WATER pollution measurement; WATERSHEDS; SOLID waste
- Publication
Journal of Water Chemistry & Technology, 2013, Vol 35, Issue 4, p170
- ISSN
1063-455X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3103/S1063455X1304005X