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- Title
The Analysis of Social Science Data with Missing Values.
- Authors
Little, Roderick J. A.; Rubin, Donald B.
- Abstract
Methods for handling missing data in social science data sets are reviewed. Limitations of common practical approaches, including complete-case analysis. available case analysis and imputation, are illustrated on a simple missing-data problem with one complete and one incomplete variable. Two more principled approaches, namely maximum likelihood under a model for the data and missing-data mechanism and multiple imputation, are applied to the bivariate problem. General properties of these methods are outlined, and applications to more complex missing-data problems are discussed. The EM algorithm, a convenient method for computing maximum likelihood estimates in missing-data problems, is described and applied to two common models, the multivariate normal model for continuous data and the multinomial model for discrete data. Multiple imputation under explicit or implicit models is recommended as a method that retains the advantages of imputation and overcomes its limitations.
- Subjects
SOCIAL statistics; SOCIAL sciences; ESTIMATION theory; ESTIMATES; ALGORITHMS; SOCIOLOGY
- Publication
Sociological Methods & Research, 1989, Vol 18, Issue 2/3, p292
- ISSN
0049-1241
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1177/0049124189018002004