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- Title
Toxicity and risk of permethrin and naled to non-target insects after adult mosquito management.
- Authors
Schleier, Jerome; Peterson, Robert
- Abstract
We derived laboratory LC50 values, assessed non-target insect risks, and conducted a field bioassay for ultra-low-volume (ULV) aerosol applications of insecticides used to manage adult mosquitoes. The house cricket, Acheta domesticus (L.), was used as an indicator species for medium- to large-bodied ground dwelling insects. The 24-h LC50 values for Permanone® (formulated product of permethrin), Permanone + piperonyl butoxide (PBO), technical grade permethrin, and technical grade permethrin + PBO ranged from 0.052 to 0.9 μg/cm2. The 24 h LC50 for technical grade naled and Trumpet® (formulated product of naled) were 0.038 and 0.44 μg/cm2, respectively. The synergist ratio was 2.65 for Permanone + PBO and 1.57 for technical grade permethrin + PBO. The toxicity of technical grade permethrin was about 10-fold greater than Permanone. A risk assessment using modeled estimated environmental concentrations resulted in risk quotients (RQ) that exceeded regulatory levels of concern, but when compared to field-derived actual environmental concentrations RQs did not exceed a regulatory level of concern, except in the case of technical grade naled. These results were expected because higher tiered risk assessments using field-verified data generally lead to lower risk estimates. Field bioassays using caged crickets showed no significant mortality for permethrin or naled after a single truck-mounted ULV application. The results of the risk assessment using actual environmental concentrations are supported by the field bioassays and suggest that a single ULV application of synergized or unsynergized permethrin and naled most likely will not result in population impacts on medium- to large-bodied insects.
- Subjects
NALED (Insecticide); MOSQUITO control; CHOLINESTERASE reactivators; PYRETHROIDS; BIOLOGICAL assay; INSECTICIDES; HOUSE cricket
- Publication
Ecotoxicology, 2010, Vol 19, Issue 6, p1140
- ISSN
0963-9292
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s10646-010-0497-9