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- Title
Hydroxyl-rich macromolecules enable the bio-inspired synthesis of single crystal nanocomposites.
- Authors
Kim, Yi-Yeoun; Darkins, Robert; Broad, Alexander; Kulak, Alexander N.; Holden, Mark A.; Nahi, Ouassef; Armes, Steven P.; Tang, Chiu C.; Thompson, Rebecca F.; Marin, Frederic; Duffy, Dorothy M.; Meldrum, Fiona C.
- Abstract
Acidic macromolecules are traditionally considered key to calcium carbonate biomineralisation and have long been first choice in the bio-inspired synthesis of crystalline materials. Here, we challenge this view and demonstrate that low-charge macromolecules can vastly outperform their acidic counterparts in the synthesis of nanocomposites. Using gold nanoparticles functionalised with low charge, hydroxyl-rich proteins and homopolymers as growth additives, we show that extremely high concentrations of nanoparticles can be incorporated within calcite single crystals, while maintaining the continuity of the lattice and the original rhombohedral morphologies of the crystals. The nanoparticles are perfectly dispersed within the host crystal and at high concentrations are so closely apposed that they exhibit plasmon coupling and induce an unexpected contraction of the crystal lattice. The versatility of this strategy is then demonstrated by extension to alternative host crystals. This simple and scalable occlusion approach opens the door to a novel class of single crystal nanocomposites. Calcium carbonate biomineralisation has long been linked to acidic macromolecules. Here, the authors challenge this view and show that a huge number of gold nanoparticles coated with hydroxyl-rich proteins can be incorporated into a calcium carbonate crystal while maintaining single crystal character.
- Subjects
HYDROXYLATION; MACROMOLECULES; BIOSYNTHESIS; SINGLE crystals; NANOCOMPOSITE materials
- Publication
Nature Communications, 2019, Vol 10, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
2041-1723
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1038/s41467-019-13422-9