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- Title
CLINICAL NEPHROLOGY - EPIDEMIOLOGY - CLINICAL TRIALS Adiponectin in renal disease: Relationship to phenotype and genetic variation in the gene encoding adiponectin.
- Authors
Stenvinkel, Peter; Marchlewska, Alicia; Pecoits-Filho, Roberto; Heimbürger, Olof; Zhengzhong Zhang, Olof; Hoff, Catherine; Holmes, Cliff; Axelsson, Jonas; Arvidsson, Sivonne; Schalling, Martin; Barany, Peter; Lindholm, Bengt; Nordfors, Louise
- Abstract
Adiponectin in renal disease: Relationship to phenotype and genetic variation in the gene encoding adiponectin. Background. The prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and inflammation is high in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Adiponectin is an adipocytokine that may have significant anti-inflammatory and anti-atherosclerotic effects. Low adiponectin levels have previously been found in patients with high risk for CVD. Methods. In a cohort of 204 (62% males) ESRD patients aged 52 ± 1 years the following parameters were studied: presence of CVD, body composition, plasma adiponectin ( N= 107), cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, serum leptin, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), urinary albumin excretion (UAE), and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the apM1 gene at positions –11391, –11377, 45, and 276. Thirty-six age- (52 ± 2 years) and gender-matched (64% males) healthy subjects served as control subjects. Results. Markedly ( P < 0.0001) elevated median plasma adiponectin levels were observed in ESRD patients (22.2 μg/mL), especially type 1 diabetic patients (36.8 μg/mL), compared to control subjects (12.2 μg/mL). Log plasma adiponectin correlated to visceral fat mass ( R=−0.29; P < 0.01) and Log hs-CRP ( R=−0.26; P < 0.01). In a stepwise (forward followed by backward) multiple regression model only type-1 diabetes ( P < 0.001) and visceral fat mass ( P < 0.05) were independently associated with plasma adiponectin levels. The adiponectin gene –11377 C/C genotype was associated with a lower prevalence of CVD (25 vs. 42%) compared to the G/C genotype. Conclusion. The present cross-sectional study demonstrates that, whereas genetic variations seem to have a minor impact on circulating adiponectin levels, lower visceral fat mass and type 1 diabetes mellitus are associated with elevated plasma adiponectin levels in ESRD patients. Furthermore, low levels of adiponectin are associated with inflammation in ESRD.
- Subjects
CYTOKINES; KIDNEY diseases; CARDIOVASCULAR diseases
- Publication
Kidney International, 2004, Vol 65, Issue 1, p274
- ISSN
0085-2538
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/j.1523-1755.2004.00370.x