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- Title
Ca 2+ -Dependent Cl − Channels in Vascular Tone Regulation during Aging.
- Authors
Petrova, Miriam; Lassanova, Monika; Tisonova, Jana; Liskova, Silvia
- Abstract
Identifying alterations caused by aging could be an important tool for improving the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. Changes in vascular tone regulation involve various mechanisms, like NO synthase activity, activity of the sympathetic nervous system, production of prostaglandin, endothelium-dependent relaxing, and contracting factors, etc. Surprisingly, Ca2+-dependent Cl− channels (CaCCs) are involved in all alterations of the vascular tone regulation mentioned above. Furthermore, we discuss these mechanisms in the context of ontogenetic development and aging. The molecular and electrophysiological mechanisms of CaCCs activation on the cell membrane of the vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and endothelium are explained, as well as the age-dependent changes that imply the activation or inhibition of CaCCs. In conclusion, due to the diverse intracellular concentration of chloride in VSMC and endothelial cells, the activation of CaCCs depends, in part, on intracellular Ca2+ concentration, and, in part, on voltage, leading to fine adjustments of vascular tone. The activation of CaCCs declines during ontogenetic development and aging. This decline in the activation of CaCCs involves a decrease in protein level, the impairment of Ca2+ influx, and probably other alterations in vascular tone regulation.
- Subjects
CALCIUM ions; CHLORIDE channels; CALCIUM channels; ENDOTHELIUM; SYMPATHETIC nervous system; VASCULAR smooth muscle; AGING; NITRIC-oxide synthases
- Publication
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2024, Vol 25, Issue 10, p5093
- ISSN
1661-6596
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/ijms25105093