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- Title
Ethyl Acetate Extract of Nepenthes ventricosa x maxima Exerts Preferential Killing to Oral Cancer Cells.
- Authors
Tang, Jen-Yang; Li, Li-Jie; Ou-Yang, Fu; Wang, Chun-Lin; Shu, Chih-Wen; Wu, Kuang-Han; Wang, Hui-Ru; Yen, Chia-Hung; Cheng, Yuan-Bin; Chang, Hsueh-Wei
- Abstract
Nepenthes plants are a folk medicine in many Southeast Asia countries for curing diseases but its anticancer effect is rarely investigated. The objectives of this study were to investigate the antioral cancer ability of ethyl acetate extract of Nepenthes ventricosa x maxima (EANV). The preferential killing ability of EANV was determined by MTS-based cell viability assays. The bioactive effects were further screened by flow cytometry for apoptosis, oxidative stress, and DNA damage. At 24 h treatment, EANV dose dependently decreased six types of oral cancer cells, but the normal oral cells (HGF-1) kept a 90% viability. EANV also showed chronic antiproliferative effects and inhibited 3D sphere formation ability of oral cancer cells. Ca9-22 and CAL 27 oral cancer cells with high response to EANV increased subG1 populations and enhanced Annexin V- and pancaspase-detected apoptosis in these cells. EANV also induced the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial superoxide and the dysfunction of mitochondrial membrane potential. Moreover, the oxidative DNA damage level such as 8-oxo-2′deoxyguanosine was increased in EANV-treated oral cancer cells. Taken together, EANV has a preferential killing effect against oral cancer cells associated with oxidative stress, apoptosis, and DNA damage, suggesting EANV as a potential antioral cancer agent.
- Subjects
SOUTHEAST Asia; ETHYL acetate; CANCER cells; ORAL cancer; MITOCHONDRIAL membranes
- Publication
DNA & Cell Biology, 2019, Vol 38, Issue 8, p763
- ISSN
1044-5498
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1089/dna.2018.4436