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- Title
Structural and Nonlinear I–V Characteristics of Co-Substituted Sn<sub>1−x−y</sub>Zn<sub>x</sub>M<sub>y</sub>O<sub>z</sub> Varistors with Various x, y and M.
- Authors
Mohamed, Mansour; Sedky, A.; Alshammari, Abdullah S.; Khan, Z. R.; Bouzidi, M.
- Abstract
We report the structural and nonlinear behavior of Sn1−x−yZnxMyOz varistors with x = 0.00, 0.50, y = 0.00, 0.25 and M = Fe, Co, Ni and Mn. The crystallite and grain sizes and porosity of SnO2 are decreased by Zn doping, followed by a further decrease by (Zn + M) co-substitution. The breakdown field (EB), nonlinear coefficient (α), leakage current (IK) and residual voltage (Kr) of SnO2 are respectively 333.35 V/cm, 5.6, 900 μA/cm2 and 5.32. When SnO2 was substituted by Zn, IK and Kr are decreased to 816 μA/cm2 and 3.62, whereas EB and α are increased to 666.67 and 11.48. The EB and α values are increased by co-substitution in the SnZnMn sample, whereas IK and Kr are decreased. Rather than containing many elements and compounds, the current varistors are based on only two well-known ions co-substituted into SnO2. These findings are discussed in terms of the oxygen vacancies.
- Subjects
VARISTORS; STRAY currents; GRAIN size
- Publication
Journal of Electronic Materials, 2023, Vol 52, Issue 4, p2514
- ISSN
0361-5235
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s11664-022-10207-7