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- Title
Early-Life Supplementation Enhances Gastrointestinal Immunity and Microbiota in Young Rats.
- Authors
Sáez-Fuertes, Laura; Kapravelou, Garyfallia; Grases-Pintó, Blanca; Bernabeu, Manuel; Knipping, Karen; Garssen, Johan; Bourdet-Sicard, Raphaëlle; Castell, Margarida; Rodríguez-Lagunas, María José; Collado, María Carmen; Pérez-Cano, Francisco José
- Abstract
Immunonutrition, which focuses on specific nutrients in breast milk and post-weaning diets, plays a crucial role in supporting infants' immune system development. This study explored the impact of maternal supplementation with Bifidobacterium breve M-16V and a combination of short-chain galacto-oligosaccharide (scGOS) and long-chain fructo-oligosaccharide (lcFOS) from pregnancy through lactation, extending into the early childhood of the offspring. The synbiotic supplementation's effects were examined at both mucosal and systemic levels. While the supplementation did not influence their overall growth, water intake, or food consumption, a trophic effect was observed in the small intestine, enhancing its weight, length, width, and microscopic structures. A gene expression analysis indicated a reduction in FcRn and Blimp1 and an increase in Zo1 and Tlr9, suggesting enhanced maturation and barrier function. Intestinal immunoglobulin (Ig) A levels remained unaffected, while cecal IgA levels decreased. The synbiotic supplementation led to an increased abundance of total bacteria and Ig-coated bacteria in the cecum. The abundance of Bifidobacterium increased in both the intestine and cecum. Short-chain fatty acid production decreased in the intestine but increased in the cecum due to the synbiotic supplementation. Systemically, the Ig profiles remained unaffected. In conclusion, maternal synbiotic supplementation during gestation, lactation, and early life is established as a new strategy to improve the maturation and functionality of the gastrointestinal barrier. Additionally, it participates in the microbiota colonization of the gut, leading to a healthier composition.
- Subjects
SMALL intestine; DRINKING (Physiology); DIETARY supplements; SHORT-chain fatty acids; COLONIZATION (Ecology); FOOD consumption; NUTRITION; SYNBIOTICS
- Publication
Foods, 2024, Vol 13, Issue 13, p2058
- ISSN
2304-8158
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/foods13132058