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- Title
Highly fluorescent hydroxyl groups functionalized graphitic carbon nitride for ultrasensitive and selective determination of mercury ions in water and fish samples.
- Authors
El-Reash, Y. G. Abou; Ghaith, Eslam A.; El-Awady, Osama; Algethami, Faisal K.; Lin, Haiqing; Abdelrahman, Ehab A.; Awad, Fathi S.
- Abstract
Heavy metal ion pollution is always a serious problem worldwide. Therefore, monitoring heavy metal ions in environmental water is a crucial and difficult step to ensure the safety of people and the environment. A mercury ion (Hg2+) fluorescence probe with excellent sensitivity and selectivity is described here. The functionalized graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets (T/G-C3N4) fluorescence probe was fabricated using melamine as a precursor by the pyrolysis technique, followed by a rapid KOH heat treatment method for 2 min. The chemical structure and morphology of the T/G-C3N4 probe were characterized using multiple analytical techniques including UV–Vis, SEM, XPS, XRD, and fluorometer spectroscopy. Geometry optimization of T/G-C3N4 as a modified probe was performed to assess its stability and interaction ability with Hg(II) via using the density function approach. The T/G-C3N4 probe showed a linear response based on quenching over the range 0–1.25 × 103 nM Hg(II); the detection limit was 27 nM. The remarkable sensitivity of T/G-C3N4 towards the Hg2+ ions was explained by the intense coordination and fast chelation kinetics of Hg2+ with the NH2, CN, C=N, and OH groups of T/G-C3N4 nanoprobe. The T/G-C3N4 probe demonstrates exceptional selectivity for Hg2+ ions among other metal ions including (Na+, Ag+, Mg2+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cd2+, K+, Ca2+, Cu2+, Pb2+, Mn2+ and Hg2+) and over a broad pH range (6–10), together with remarkable long-term fluorescence stability in water (> 30 days) and minimal toxicity. T/G-C3N4 was used to detect and quantify Hg2+ ions in tuna and mackerel fish and the results compared to ICP-AES. The results obtained offer a new simple and green technique for the design of multifunctional fluorescent probe appropriate for environmental applications.
- Subjects
MERCURY; NITRIDES; HYDROXYL group; WATER sampling; HEAVY metal toxicology; IONS; METAL ions
- Publication
Journal of Analytical Science & Technology, 2023, Vol 14, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
2093-3134
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1186/s40543-023-00379-0