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- Title
Distinct Immune Response at 1 Year Post-COVID-19 According to Disease Severity.
- Authors
Kang, Chang Kyung; Kim, Minji; Hong, Jisu; Kim, Gwanghun; Lee, Soojin; Chang, Euijin; Choe, Pyoeng Gyun; Kim, Nam Joong; Kim, Ik Soo; Seo, Jun-Young; Song, Daesub; Lee, Dong-Sup; Shin, Hyun Mu; Kim, Yong-Woo; Lee, Chang-Han; Park, Wan Beom; Kim, Hang-Rae; Oh, Myoung-don
- Abstract
Background: Despite the fact of ongoing worldwide vaccination programs for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), understanding longevity, breadth, and type of immune response to coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is still important to optimize the vaccination strategy and estimate the risk of reinfection. Therefore, we performed thorough immunological assessments 1 year post-COVID-19 with different severity. Methods: We analyzed peripheral blood mononuclear cells and plasma samples at 1 year post-COVID-19 in patients who experienced asymptomatic, mild, and severe illness to assess titers of various isotypes of antibodies (Abs) against SARS-CoV-2 antigens, phagocytic capability, and memory B- and T-cell responses. Findings: A total of 24 patients (7, 9, and 8 asymptomatic, mild, and severe patients, respectively) and eight healthy volunteers were included in this study. We firstly showed that disease severity is correlated with parameters of immune responses at 1 year post-COVID-19 that play an important role in protecting against reinfection with SARS-CoV-2, namely, the phagocytic capacity of Abs and memory B-cell responses. Interpretation: Various immune responses at 1 year post-COVID-19, particularly the phagocytic capacity and memory B-cell responses, were dependent on the severity of the prior COVID-19. Our data could provide a clue for a tailored vaccination strategy after natural infection according to the severity of COVID-19.
- Subjects
SARS-CoV-2; CORONAVIRUS diseases; COVID-19; COVID-19 pandemic; IMMUNE response; MONONUCLEAR leukocytes
- Publication
Frontiers in Immunology, 2022, Vol 13, p1
- ISSN
1664-3224
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3389/fimmu.2022.830433