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- Title
Is Shigatoxin 1 protective for the development of Shigatoxin 2-related hemolytic uremic syndrome in children? Data from the ItalKid-HUS Network.
- Authors
Ardissino, Gianluigi; Possenti, Ilaria; Vignati, Chiara; Daprai, Laura; Capone, Valentina; Brigotti, Maurizio; Luini, Mario Vittorio; Consonni, Dario; Montini, Giovanni
- Abstract
Background: Shigatoxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are the most common causes of hemolytic uremic syndrome (STEC-HUS). The aim of our study is to compare the risk of developing STEC-HUS in relation to the type of Stx genes (Stx1, Stx2, or both). Methods: This is a prospective, observational, multicenter study involving 63 pediatric units in Northern Italy (ItalKid-HUS Network). STEC-infected children were identified within a screening program for bloody diarrhea during a 10-year period (2010–2019). Stx genes were detected by reverse dot blot or real-time PCR. After the identification of STEC infection, children were followed until diarrhea complete recovery for the possible development of STEC-HUS. Results: Of the 214 Stx-positive patients, 34 (15.9%) developed STEC-HUS. The risk of HUS in STEC-infected children with Stx1 (n: 62; 29.0%) and Stx2 (n: 97; 45.3%) was respectively 0% and 23.7%, while in patients carrying both Stx1 and Stx2 (n: 55; 25.7%), the risk was 12.7% (p: 0.001). Conclusions: Our data confirm that Stx1 is a very rare cause of STEC-HUS and demonstrate that the risk of STEC-HUS halves in the case of Stx1+2-producing Escherichia coli infection compared with infections where Stx2 is present alone. This observation is helpful in assessing the risk of individual STEC-infected patients for the development of HUS and suggests that Stx1, in the presence of Stx2, might exert a protective role possibly by receptor competition.
- Subjects
ITALY; BACTERIAL toxins; CONVALESCENCE; DIARRHEA; ESCHERICHIA coli diseases; HEMOLYTIC-uremic syndrome; LONGITUDINAL method; MEDICAL cooperation; SCIENTIFIC observation; POLYMERASE chain reaction; RESEARCH; REVERSE transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; DISEASE complications; DISEASE risk factors; CHILDREN
- Publication
Pediatric Nephrology, 2020, Vol 35, Issue 10, p1997
- ISSN
0931-041X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s00467-020-04697-y