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- Title
Biometric Risk Factors for Angle Closure Progression After Laser Peripheral Iridotomy.
- Authors
Bao, Yicheng K.; Xu, Benjamin Y.; Friedman, David S.; Cho, Austin; Foster, Paul J.; Jiang, Yu; Porporato, Natalia; Pardeshi, Anmol A.; Jiang, Yuzhen; Munoz, Beatriz; Aung, Tin; He, Mingguang
- Abstract
This cohort study investigates the biometric factors associated with the development of angle closure disease in individuals with eyes at risk of primary angle closure after treatment with laser peripheral iridotomy. Key Points: Question: What biometric factors predict development of angle closure disease in primary angle closure suspect (PACS) eyes after treatment with laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI)? Findings: In this cohort analysis of data from 878 eyes of 878 participants from the Zhongshan Angle Closure Prevention trial, PACS eyes with persistent angle narrowing by anterior-segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) or cumulative gonioscopy score 2 weeks after LPI were at higher risk of primary angle closure (PAC) and acute angle closure. Meaning: These findings suggest that AS-OCT or gonioscopy may be performed after LPI to identify patients at higher risk for angle closure disease who may benefit from more intensive follow-up. Importance: Laser peripheral iridotomy (LPI) is the most common primary treatment for primary angle closure disease (PACD). However, there are sparse data guiding the longitudinal care of PAC suspect (PACS) eyes after LPI. Objective: To elucidate the anatomic effects of LPI that are associated with a protective outcome against progression from PACS to PAC and acute angle closure (AAC) and to identify biometric factors that predict progression after LPI. Design, Setting, and Participants: This was a retrospective analysis of data from the Zhongshan Angle Closure Prevention (ZAP) trial, a study of mainland Chinese people aged 50 to 70 years with bilateral PACS who received LPI in 1 randomly selected eye. Gonioscopy and anterior-segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) imaging were performed 2 weeks after LPI. Progression was defined as the development of PAC or an acute angle closure (AAC) attack. Cohort A included a random mix of treated and untreated eyes, and cohort B included only eyes treated with LPI. Univariable and multivariable Cox regression models were developed to assess biometric risk factors for progression in cohorts A and B. Data were analyzed from January 4 to December 22, 2022. Main Outcome and Measure: Six-year progression to PAC or AAC. Results: Cohort A included 878 eyes from 878 participants (mean [SD] age, 58.9 [5.0] years; 726 female [82.7%]) of whom 44 experienced progressive disease. In a multivariable analysis, treatment (hazard ratio [HR], 0.67; 95% CI, 0.34-1.33; P =.25) was no longer associated with progression after adjusting for age and trabecular iris space area at 500 μm (TISA at 500 μm) at the 2-week visit. Cohort B included 869 treated eyes from 869 participants (mean [SD] age, 58.9 [5.0] years; 717 female [82.5%]) of whom 19 experienced progressive disease. In multivariable analysis, TISA at 500 μm (HR, 1.33 per 0.01 mm2 smaller; 95% CI, 1.12-1.56; P =.001) and cumulative gonioscopy score (HR, 1.25 per grade smaller; 95% CI, 1.03-1.52; P =.02) at the 2-week visit were associated with progression. Persistent angle narrowing on AS-OCT (TISA at 500 μm ≤0.05 mm2; HR, 9.41; 95% CI, 3.39-26.08; P <.001) or gonioscopy (cumulative score ≤6; HR, 2.80; 95% CI, 1.13-6.93; P =.04) conferred higher risk of progression. Conclusions and Relevance: Study results suggest that persistent angle narrowing detected by AS-OCT or cumulative gonioscopy score was predictive of disease progression in PACS eyes after LPI. These findings suggest that AS-OCT and gonioscopy may be performed to identify patients at high risk of developing angle closure who may benefit from closer monitoring despite patent LPI.
- Publication
JAMA Ophthalmology, 2023, Vol 141, Issue 6, p516
- ISSN
2168-6165
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2023.0937