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- Title
Associations between Plasma Cytokines and Depressive Mood in Patients with Breast Cancer.
- Authors
Seon-Young Kim; Jae-Min Kim; Sung-Wan Kim; Il-Seon Shin; Min-Ho Park; Jung-Han Yoon; Chan Choi; Jin-Sang Yoon
- Abstract
Objective: The few studies on the associations between cytokines and depressive mood in patients with cancer have produced conflicting results. This study investigated the associations between plasma cytokines and depressive mood in patients with breast cancer using a large panel of pro-inflammatory, anti-inflammatory, and immune-modulating cytokines. Methods: We recruited 273 hospitalized patients with breast cancer awaiting surgery. Preoperative plasma samples were obtained for cytokine analysis, including pro-inflammatory (interleukin [IL]-2, IL-12, interferon [IFN]-γ, and tumor necrosis factor [TNF-α]), anti-inflammatory (IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13), and immune-modulating (granulocyte/macrophage colonystimulating factor [GM-CSF]) cytokines. Depressive mood was measured using the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) at 2-5 days postoperatively, when the patients could cooperate. Covariates included various demographic and clinical characteristics. The association between the MADRS score and each cytokine level was estimated using linear regression models. Results: Cytokine levels were significantly inter-correlated. Depressive mood was associated with lower levels of pro-inflammatory (IL-2, IL-12, and TNF-α), anti-inflammatory (IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13), and immune-modulating (GM-CSF) cytokines independent of potential covariates such as living area or functional level. Conclusions: The findings suggest that depressive mood is associated with a generally decreased inflammatory reaction or immune function in patients with breast cancer.
- Subjects
SOUTH Korea; BREAST tumors; CYTOKINES; MENTAL depression; IMMUNE system; PROBABILITY theory; REGRESSION analysis; RESEARCH funding; SCALES (Weighing instruments); STATISTICS; TUMOR necrosis factors; U-statistics; WOMEN'S health; DATA analysis software; DESCRIPTIVE statistics
- Publication
International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine, 2012, Vol 43, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
0091-2174
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.2190/PM.43.1.a