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- Title
Type 1 Diabetic Subjects with Diabetic Retinopathy Show an Unfavorable Pattern of Fat Intake.
- Authors
Ramírez-Morros, Anna; Granado-Casas, Minerva; Alonso, Núria; Puig-Domingo, Manel; Castelblanco, Esmeralda; Alcubierre, Nuria; Hernández, Marta; Lecube, Albert; Mauricio, Didac; Traveset, Alicia; Martín, Mariona; Real, Jordi; Rubinat, Esther; Valldeperas, Xavier
- Abstract
Medical nutrition therapy is an important part of the management of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Proper adherence to a healthy diet may have a favorable impact on diabetes management and its diabetic complications. Our aim was to assess differences in food and nutrient intake of type 1 diabetic patients with and without diabetic retinopathy (DR). This was a two-center, cross-sectional study in patients with T1DM, with and without DR. Subjects were recruited from the outpatient clinic of the two participating centers. A validated food frequency questionnaire was administered. A total of 103 T1DM patients with DR and 140 T1DM patient without DR were recruited. Subjects with DR showed a lower intake of total fat (p = 0.036) than that of their non-DR counterparts. DR was associated with increasing age (p = 0.004), hypertension (p < 0.001), and diabetes duration (p < 0.001), however there was a negative association with high educational level (p = 0.018). The multivariate-adjusted analysis showed that the intake of complex carbohydrates was positively related to the presence of DR (p = 0.031). In contrast, the intakes of total fat (p = 0.009), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) (p = 0.012), oleic acid (p = 0.012), and vitamin E (p = 0.006) were associated with the absence of DR. As conclusions, the intake of total MUFAs, oleic acid, and vitamin E is associated with a lower frequency of DR in patients with T1DM. These results suggest a potential protective effect of these lipid components for DR.
- Subjects
AGE distribution; DIABETIC retinopathy; CARBOHYDRATE content of food; FAT content of food; OUTPATIENT services in hospitals; HYPERTENSION; INGESTION; TYPE 1 diabetes; MULTIVARIATE analysis; QUESTIONNAIRES; UNSATURATED fatty acids; VITAMIN E; EDUCATIONAL attainment; CROSS-sectional method; DISEASE complications
- Publication
Nutrients, 2018, Vol 10, Issue 9, p1184
- ISSN
2072-6643
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/nu10091184