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- Title
Prognostic value of HIV-1 syncytium-inducing phenotype for rate of CD4+ cell depletion and progression to AIDS.
- Authors
Koot, Maarten; Keet, Ireneus P.M.; Vos, Aster H.V.; de Goede, Ruud E.Y.; Roos, Marijke Th.L.; Coutinho, Roel A.; Miedema, Frank; Schellekens, Peter Th.A.; Tersmette, Matthijs; Koot, M; Keet, I P; Vos, A H; de Goede, R E; Roos, M T; Coutinho, R A; Miedema, F; Schellekens, P T; Tersmette, M
- Abstract
<bold>Objective: </bold>To investigate the relation between detection of syncytium-inducing (SI), human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) variants, rate of CD4+ cell decline, and clinical progression.<bold>Design: </bold>Prospective study during a 2.5-year follow-up period; cohort study with pairwise matched controls.<bold>Setting: </bold>The Amsterdam cohort study on the course of HIV-1 infection in homosexual men.<bold>Participants: </bold>Asymptomatic HIV-1 infected men (n = 225) were tested for the presence of SI variants and were studied prospectively for CD4+ cell decline and clinical progression. In addition, 45 men with a defined moment of appearance of SI variants and 45 matched controls without SI variants were compared for CD4+ cell decline.<bold>Measurements: </bold>Syncytium-inducing variants were detected by cocultivation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells with the MT-2 T-cell line.<bold>Results: </bold>During a 30-month period, 70.8% of the men with SI variants progressed to AIDS, compared with 15.8% of men without SI variants at entry (P < 0.0001). Multivariable Cox proportional hazard analysis, controlling for CD4+ cell count and HIV-p24 antigenemia, showed a relative hazard for SI variants of 6.7 (95% Cl, 3.5 to 12.7). In the matched control study, before the appearance of SI variants, CD4+ cell counts of 45 men with SI variants and their controls were compared. Syncytium-inducing variants emerged at a mean CD4+ cell count of 0.48 x 10(9)/L(Cl, 0.42 to 0.54), coinciding with the onset of a threefold increased rate of CD4+ cell decline. Men developing AIDS with SI variants had decreased CD4+ cell counts (0.08 x 10(9)/L; 95% Cl, 0.05 to 0.12) at the time of diagnosis compared with persons progressing to AIDS without SI variants (0.25 x 10(9)/L 95% Cl, 0.15 to 0.41) (P = 0.0035].<bold>Conclusions: </bold>The HIV-1 biological phenotype is a practical, binary marker for progression to AIDS, which is independent of decreased CD4+ cell counts and antigenemia. Appearance of SI variants, occurring 2 years before progression to AIDS on the average, is predictive for a significantly increased rate of CD4+ cell decline.
- Subjects
HIV; CD4 antigen; HIV infections; PHENOTYPES
- Publication
Annals of Internal Medicine, 1993, Vol 118, Issue 9, p681
- ISSN
0003-4819
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.7326/0003-4819-118-9-199305010-00004