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- Title
Synthesis of Non-Toxic Triethyl Citrate Plasticizer by Esterification of Renewable Citric Acid Using Modified Zeolite.
- Authors
Nandiwale, Kakasaheb Y.; Borikar, Sanjay P.; Bokade, Vijay V.
- Abstract
Triethyl citrate (TEC), a non-toxic plasticizer, was synthesized by esterification of renewable citric acid (CA, from entire waste of oranges) with ethanol over modified H-ZSM-5 (HZ-5) zeolite. Different micro-meso composites (M-HZ-5) with varying crystallinities were prepared by alkaline treatment of HZ-5. M-HZ-50.6 (87% crystallinity) was observed to be a potential and environmentally benign catalyst with 96% CA conversion, 64% TEC selectivity (61.44% TEC yield), and a reusability of six cycles. The probable catalytic mechanism of esterification was also proposed.
- Subjects
PLASTICIZERS -- Environmental aspects; SUSTAINABLE chemistry; NON-toxic shot (Pellets); MESOPREDATOR release; CITRIC acid industry
- Publication
CLEAN: Soil, Air, Water, 2015, Vol 43, Issue 6, p927
- ISSN
1863-0650
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1002/clen.201400189