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- Title
Old World Medieval Treponema pallidum Complex Treponematosis: A Case Report.
- Authors
Hama, Hamadou Oumarou; Boualam, Mahmoud A; Levasseur, Anthony; Ardagna, Yann; Adalian, Pascal; Chaix, Annie-Claire; Drancourt, Michel
- Abstract
Background Introduction of 1 Treponema pallidum complex pathogen in naive European populations following the return of Christopher Columbus' troops from Central America in 1493 is a central dogma in venereology. Methods Among skeletal elements from the seventh or eighth century uncovered in Roquevaire, France, individual RS-1003 femur macroscopically suspected of having an infectious disease was investigated by means of paleoautoimmunohistochemistry, direct metagenomics, and paleoserology, along with 1 control femur from an apparently healthy individual (R-1003) and experimental negative controls. Results RS-1003 femur showed infectious bone; paleoautoimmunohistochemistry of the lesions led to microscopic detection of a T. pallidum complex pathogen. Phylogenetic analyses comprising 71 T. pallidum complex–specific reads covering 2.37% of the T. pallidum subsp. pallidum reference genome sequence revealed an ancestral T. pallidum complex pathogen in the lesion. Paleoserology detecting T. pallidum –specific antigens confirmed positive serological findings in individual RS-1003. Individual R-1003 and the negative controls remained negative. Conclusions This case, predating by 8 centuries previous detections of T. pallidum complex treponematosis in Europe, indicated that European populations were not naive to these pathogens before the 1493 introduction of a Central American T. pallidum complex pathogen overwhelming the T. pallidum ones previously circulating in the Old World. These data break a century-old dogma in medical microbiology.
- Subjects
TREPONEMA pallidum; COLUMBUS, Christopher, 1451-1506; GLOBUS pallidus; MEDICAL microbiology; COMMUNICABLE diseases; METAGENOMICS
- Publication
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2023, Vol 228, Issue 5, p503
- ISSN
0022-1899
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1093/infdis/jiad248