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- Title
High-Resolution Analysis of Barrier Function.
- Authors
Fromm, Michael; Krug, Susanne M.; Zeissig, Sebastian; Richter, Jan F.; Rosenthal, Rita; Schulzke, Jörg‐Dieter; Günzel, Dorothee
- Abstract
High-resolution analysis of epithelial barrier function adds substantial information to that provided by conventional transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) measurements. This chapter describes three high-resolution techniques. First, two variants of impedance spectroscopy are delineated. One-path impedance spectroscopy discriminates vertically between serial pathways, namely resistances of the epithelial cell layer and of subepithelial tissues. As a typical application, measurements on human sigmoid colon biopsies from patients suffering from Crohn's disease are reported. Two-path impedance spectroscopy allows to discriminate between trans- and paracellular resistance, and the general principle of this technique is outlined. Second, the conductance scanning technique is presented, which discriminates horizontally between optically distinct parallel pathways over a wide range of spatial resolutions. Using this technique, it was shown that occludin – in contrast to the then prevailing opinion – is not irreplaceable to barrier function. Third, three-dimensional confocal fluorescence imaging for depicting transepithelial transport processes is introduced. Using this method the transepithelial translocation of bacteria which generate focal leaks was discovered.
- Subjects
EPITHELIUM; EPITHELIAL cells; IMPEDANCE spectroscopy; CROHN'S disease; BIOPSY; BACTERIA; SPECTRUM analysis; TISSUES; PATIENTS
- Publication
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2009, Vol 1165, p74
- ISSN
0077-8923
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04047.x