The types of common lining refractories for hazardous waste incinerators were reviewed. It was pointed out that the lining refractories in different working environments mainly include corundum, SiC, mullite, fireclay, chrome-corundum, corundum-SiC, corundum-mullite and magnesia-alumina. The damage mechanism of lining refractories was summarized, including mechanical abrasion, thermal spalling and chemical corrosion. The development trend of lining refractories for hazardous waste incinerators was forecasted.