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- Title
Aphid (<italic>Myzus persicae</italic>) feeding on the parasitic plant dodder (<italic>Cuscuta australis</italic>) activates defense responses in both the parasite and soybean host.
- Authors
Zhuang, Huifu; Li, Juan; Song, Juan; Hettenhausen, Christian; Schuman, Meredith C.; Sun, Guiling; Zhang, Cuiping; Li, Jing; Song, Dunlun; Wu, Jianqiang
- Abstract
Summary: Dodders (<italic>Cuscuta</italic> spp.) are shoot holoparasites, whose haustoria penetrate host tissues to enable fusion between the parasite and host vascular systems, allowing <italic>Cuscuta</italic> to extract water, nutrients and other molecules from hosts. Aphids are piercing–sucking herbivores that use specialized stylets to feed on phloem sap. Aphids are known to feed on <italic>Cuscuta</italic>, but how <italic>Cuscuta</italic> and its host plant respond to aphids attacking the parasite was unknown. Phytohormone quantification, transcriptomic analysis and bioassays were performed to determine the responses of <italic>Cuscuta australis</italic> and its soybean (<italic>Glycine max</italic>) hosts to the feeding of green peach aphid (GPA; <italic>Myzus persicae</italic>) on <italic>C. australis</italic>. Decreased salicylic acid levels and 172 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found in GPA‐attacked <italic>C. australis</italic>, and the soybean hosts exhibited increased jasmonic acid contents and 1015 DEGs, including > 100 transcription factor genes. Importantly, GPA feeding on <italic>C. australis</italic> increased the resistance of the soybean host to subsequent feeding by the leafworm <italic>Spodoptera litura</italic> and soybean aphid <italic>Aphis glycines</italic>, resulting in 21% decreased leafworm mass and 41% reduced aphid survival rate. These data strongly suggest that GPA feeding on <italic>Cuscuta</italic> induces a systemic signal, which is translocated to hosts and activates defense against herbivores.
- Subjects
GREEN peach aphid; PARASITIC plants; DODDER; SOYBEAN; APHIDS; PLANT hormones
- Publication
New Phytologist, 2018, Vol 218, Issue 4, p1586
- ISSN
0028-646X
- Publication type
Abstract
- DOI
10.1111/nph.15083