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- Title
Effects of Anhydrous Lanolin versus Breast Milk Combined with a Breast Shell for the Treatment of Nipple Trauma and Pain During Breastfeeding: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
- Authors
Vieira, Flaviana; Mota, Dálete Delalibera C. F.; Castral, Thaíla Corrêa; Guimarães, Janaína Valadares; Salge, Ana Karina Marques; Bachion, Maria Márcia
- Abstract
Introduction The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of anhydrous lanolin with the effect of breast milk combined with a breast shell for treatment of nipple trauma and pain during breastfeeding. Methods A randomized clinical trial was conducted in a maternity ward in a hospital accredited as a Baby-Friendly Hospital located in the middle-western region of Brazil. Breastfeeding women with obvious nipple trauma were randomized into 2 groups. In both groups, breastfeeding education was conducted. For up to 10 days, in Group 1, anhydrous lanolin was applied daily after each breastfeeding session, whereas in Group 2, breast milk combined with a breast shell was applied. Trauma was assessed using the Nipple Trauma Score, and pain was assessed using a numerical scale and sensory descriptors from the McGill Questionnaire. Results One hundred women participated, with 50 women in each of the 2 groups. The healing of nipple trauma was faster in the group treated with breast milk combined with a breast shell, starting on the third day of intervention ( P = .032). The intensity of pain was lower in the group treated with breast milk combined with a breast shell starting on the fifth day of treatment ( P = .008). The use of anhydrous lanolin had a progressively reduced treatment efficacy, with values of 86.4% on the third day (95% confidence interval [CI], −4.5%-98.2%), 58.3% on the fifth day (95% CI, 20.1%-78.3%), 48.1% on the seventh day (95% CI, 20.1%-66.2%), and 26.9.% on the tenth day (95% CI, 6.4%-43%) of intervention. The resolution of nipple trauma was significantly associated with the use of the nipple shell on all intervention days. Discussion The intervention with breast milk combined with a breast shell was more effective than anhydrous lanolin for the treatment of nipple trauma and pain in breastfeeding women. This treatment should be encouraged among breastfeeding women to promote healing and reduce pain.
- Subjects
BRAZIL; BREAST milk; PAIN management; LANOLIN; NIPPLE (Anatomy); ANALYSIS of variance; BREAST; BREAST care; BREASTFEEDING; CONFIDENCE intervals; MOTHERS; POSTNATAL care; PUBLIC hospitals; PUERPERIUM; QUESTIONNAIRES; RESEARCH funding; STATISTICAL sampling; SCALE analysis (Psychology); WOUND healing; TRAUMATOLOGY diagnosis; WOUND care; HOSPITAL maternity services; SOCIOECONOMIC factors; MCGILL Pain Questionnaire; PAIN measurement; RANDOMIZED controlled trials; RELATIVE medical risk; TREATMENT effectiveness; REPEATED measures design; DATA analysis software; TRAUMA severity indices; WOUNDS &; injuries; THERAPEUTICS
- Publication
Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health, 2017, Vol 62, Issue 5, p572
- ISSN
1526-9523
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/jmwh.12644