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- Title
Development of an Ultra-Sensitive and Flexible Piezoresistive Flow Sensor Using Vertical Graphene Nanosheets.
- Authors
Abolpour Moshizi, Sajad; Azadi, Shohreh; Belford, Andrew; Razmjou, Amir; Wu, Shuying; Han, Zhao Jun; Asadnia, Mohsen
- Abstract
Highlights: A novel biomimetic flow sensor based on vertically grown graphene nanosheets with a mazelike structure is fabricated which closely mimics the structure of auditory hair cells. The proposed sensor demonstrated an ultra-high sensitivity of 103.91 mV (mm/s)−1, very low-velocity detection threshold (1.127 mm s−1), and excellent performance in a wide range of frequencies (0.1–25 Hz) for underwater sensing applications. The proposed sensor revealed a strong capability in development of an artificial lateral semicircular canal. This paper suggests development of a flexible, lightweight, and ultra-sensitive piezoresistive flow sensor based on vertical graphene nanosheets (VGNs) with a mazelike structure. The sensor was thoroughly characterized for steady-state and oscillatory water flow monitoring applications. The results demonstrated a high sensitivity (103.91 mV (mm/s)−1) and a very low-velocity detection threshold (1.127 mm s−1) in steady-state flow monitoring. As one of many potential applications, we demonstrated that the proposed VGNs/PDMS flow sensor can closely mimic the vestibular hair cell sensors housed inside the semicircular canals (SCCs). As a proof of concept, magnetic resonance imaging of the human inner ear was conducted to measure the dimensions of the SCCs and to develop a 3D printed lateral semicircular canal (LSCC). The sensor was embedded into the artificial LSCC and tested for various physiological movements. The obtained results indicate that the flow sensor is able to distinguish minute changes in the rotational axis physical geometry, frequency, and amplitude. The success of this study paves the way for extending this technology not only to vestibular organ prosthesis but also to other applications such as blood/urine flow monitoring, intravenous therapy (IV), water leakage monitoring, and unmanned underwater robots through incorporation of the appropriate packaging of devices.
- Subjects
FLOW sensors; SEMICIRCULAR canals; STEADY-state flow; WATER leakage; HAIR cells; HYDRAULICS; INNER ear; MICROFLUIDICS
- Publication
Nano-Micro Letters, 2020, Vol 12, Issue 1, pN.PAG
- ISSN
2311-6706
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s40820-020-00446-w