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- Title
Prevalence and risk factors of gastroesophageal reflux disease in Iran: A cross-sectional analysis from the PERSIAN cohort.
- Authors
Sadeghi, Anahita; Boustani, Paria; Mehrpour, Ali; Asgari, Ali Ali; Sharafkhah, Maryam; Yazdanbod, Abbas; Somi, Mohammad Hossein; Nejatizadeh, Azim; Moradpour, Farhad; Rezaeian, Mehdi; Mansour-Ghanaei, Fariborz; Shahriari, Arman; Fattahi, Mohammad Reza; Hamzeh, Behrooz; Hosseini, Seyed Vahid; Kahnooji, Mahmood; Gohari, Ali; Khosravifarsani, Mohammadreza; Azadeh, Hossein; Pashaei, Mohammad Reza
- Abstract
Background: This study assessed the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) in a general adult population in Iran. The association between GERD and various factors was also evaluated. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study on 163,018 individuals aged over 35 who were enrolled in the PERSIAN cohort. GERD was defined as the occurrence of heartburn and/or regurgitation symptoms at least several days a month. Survey design analysis for pooled data was performed and multiple regression analysis was conducted to determine the independent risk factors for GERD. Results: The prevalence of GERD in our study was estimated at 21.86% (95% confidence interval:17.4%-36.4%). The mean age of the participants was 49.84 years±9.25 (35–70) and 44.75% of the participants were male. Symptoms of heartburn and regurgitation were reported in 18.65% (n: 29,170) and 6.06% (n: 9,717) of participants, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, several factors were found to be associated with a higher prevalence of GERD: female sex, age >50, current smoking, opium use, weekly consumption of fried foods, frequent consumption of hot tea, less than 6 hours of sleep per night, psychiatric disorders, usage of NSAIDs, and poor oral hygiene, were associated with a higher prevalence of GERD. Conversely, higher education levels and average physical activity were found to be less commonly associated with GERD. Conclusion: We found a relatively high prevalence of GERD (21.86%) in this population-based study in Iran. By identifying modifiable risk factors, this research offers opportunities for targeted interventions and lifestyle modifications to reduce the burden of GERD.
- Subjects
IRAN; GASTROESOPHAGEAL reflux; CROSS-sectional method; ORAL habits; MULTIPLE regression analysis; ORAL hygiene; MENTAL illness
- Publication
PLoS ONE, 2024, Vol 19, Issue 7, p1
- ISSN
1932-6203
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1371/journal.pone.0306223