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- Title
Autosomal sdY Pseudogenes Explain Discordances Between Phenotypic Sex and DNA Marker for Sex Identification in Atlantic Salmon.
- Authors
Ayllon, Fernando; Solberg, Monica Favnebøe; Besnier, François; Fjelldal, Per Gunnar; Hansen, Tom Johnny; Wargelius, Anna; Edvardsen, Rolf Brudvik; Glover, Kevin Alan
- Abstract
Despite the key role that sex-determination plays in evolutionary processes, it is still poorly understood in many species. In salmonids, which are among the best studied fishes, the master sex-determining gene sexually dimorphic on the Y-chromosome (sdY) has been identified. However, sdY displays unexplained discordance to the phenotypic sex, with a variable frequency of phenotypic females being reported as genetic males. Multiple sex determining loci in Atlantic salmon have also been reported, possibly as a result of recent transposition events in this species. We hypothesized the existence of an autosomal copy of sdY , causing apparent discordance between phenotypic and genetic sex, that is transmitted in accordance with autosomal inheritance. To test this, we developed a qPCR methodology to detect the total number of sdY copies present in the genome. Based on the observed phenotype/genotype frequencies and linkage analysis among 2,025 offspring from 64 pedigree-controlled families of accurately phenotyped Atlantic salmon, we identified both males and females carrying one or two autosomal copies of sdY in addition to the Y-specific copy present in males. Patterns across families were highly consistent with autosomal inheritance. These autosomal sdY copies appear to have lost the ability to function as a sex determining gene and were only occasionally assigned to the actual sex chromosome in any of the affected families.
- Subjects
ATLANTIC salmon; GENETIC markers; PSEUDOGENES; SEX chromosomes; IDENTIFICATION
- Publication
Frontiers in Genetics, 2020, Vol 11, pN.PAG
- ISSN
1664-8021
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3389/fgene.2020.544207