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- Title
Exposure to Cry1 Toxins Increases Long Flight Tendency in Susceptible but Not in Cry1F-Resistant Female Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).
- Authors
De Bortoli, Caroline P.; Santos, Rafael F.; Assirati, Giordano J.; Sun, Xiaocun; Hietala, Lucas; Jurat-Fuentes, Juan Luis
- Abstract
Simple Summary: The fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) is a devastating pest for multiple crops, especially corn. Transgenic corn producing Cry and Vip3A insecticidal proteins from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt corn) controls S. frugiperda, although cases of practical resistance to Cry proteins have been reported in the Caribbean, and North and South America. The long-distance migratory flight capacity of S. frugiperda is of concern given its ongoing global spread and the possibility of resistance dispersal. In this study, we used rotational flight mills to test the effect of exposure to Cry1Ac and Cry1F proteins on flight tendency in S. frugiperda moths, including susceptible and Cry1F-resistant populations. Results support that generally lethal exposure of S. frugiperda larvae to Cry proteins in susceptible insects increases tendency for longer flights in female moths, while this behavior was not observed in Cry1F-resistant moths. This information helps understand factors affecting the migratory spread of S. frugiperda and its implications for resistance management of Bt crops. The fall armyworm (JE Smith) (Spodoptera frugiperda) is a polyphagous pest targeted by selected Cry and Vip3A insecticidal proteins from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) that are produced in transgenic Bt corn and cotton. Available evidence suggests that sublethal larval exposure to Cry1Ac increases flight activity in adult Spodoptera spp. However, it is not known whether this effect is also observed in survivors from generally lethal exposure to Cry1Ac. Moreover, while multiple cases of field-evolved resistance to Bt proteins have been described in the native range of S. frugiperda, the effect of resistance on flight behavior has not been examined. Long-distance migratory flight capacity of S. frugiperda is of concern given its ongoing global spread and the possibility that migrants may be carrying resistance alleles against pesticides and Bt crops. In this study, we used rotational flight mills to test the effects of generally lethal exposure to Cry1Ac in susceptible and sublethal exposure in Cry1F-resistant S. frugiperda strains. The results detected altered pupal weight after larval feeding on diet containing Cry proteins, which only translated in significantly increased tendency for longer flights in female moths from the susceptible strain. This information has relevant implications when considering current models and assumptions for resistance management of Bt crops.
- Subjects
CARIBBEAN; SOUTH America; FALL armyworm; NOCTUIDAE; LEPIDOPTERA; BACILLUS (Bacteria); BACILLUS thuringiensis; BT cotton
- Publication
Insects (2075-4450), 2024, Vol 15, Issue 1, p7
- ISSN
2075-4450
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/insects15010007