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- Title
SnoRNAs may accelerate protein synthesis for the rapid growth of the regenerating tail blastema in the lizard Podarcis muralis.
- Authors
Degan, Massimo; Alibardi, Lorenzo
- Abstract
Tail regeneration in lizards derives from the formation of a regenerative blastema. Numerous snoRNAs exclusively up-regulated in the regenerating tail but absent in the scarring limb of the lizard Podarcis muralis have been detected suggesting they are key genes for regeneration. While most snord-, snora-and scarna-RNAs are activators of protein synthesis and cell proliferation (oncogenes) some may also be tumour suppressors. A tail blastema of 2-3 mm in length consists of proliferating mesenchymal cells, fibroblasts and keratinocytes with active nucleoli, rosette-patterned ribosomes and few rough endoplasmic cisternae. In few days, the blastema grows into a new tail indicating intense protein synthesis within this short period. A quantitative RT-PCR analysis of snord87, snord26, snord74, snora63, scarna11, U2 and U4 shows that, aside snord87, the other ncRNAs are up-regulated, particularly, U2, U4 and scarna11. These ncRNAs might regulate the rate of production of ribosomes from the nucleolus (snora-and snord-RNAs), the splicing process (snord-and scarna-RNAs, U2 and U4), the speed of protein synthesis (snora-and snord-RNAs) and cell proliferation in the blastema. These non-coding- RNAs are hypothesized to intensify the production of more functional ribosomes that accelerate the rate of protein synthesis and rapid growth of the blastema into a new tail.
- Subjects
U2 (Performer); PROTEIN synthesis; REGENERATION (Biology); LIZARDS; RIBOSOMES; CELL proliferation; NUCLEOLUS; GENETIC translation; RNA splicing
- Publication
Acta Zoologica, 2024, Vol 105, Issue 3, p355
- ISSN
0001-7272
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/azo.12477