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- Title
The association between maternal fears about their infant/ toddler during the COVID-19 pandemic and depression and anxiety: a birth cohort study.
- Authors
Foschiera, Raquel Wermann; Moro, Júlia Pustrelo; de Abreu Getulino, Fabiana; Carpena, Marina Xavier; Costa, Francine dos Santos; Blumenberg, Cauane; Martins, Rafaela Costa; Martins-Silva, Thais; Marmitt, Luana Patricia; Goicochea, Alejandra; Meucci, Rodrigo; Cesar, Juraci; de Mola, Christian Loret
- Abstract
Objective: To assess the association between maternal fears about their infant/toddler and depression and anxiety during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: In 2019, all mothers who gave birth in hospitals in Rio Grande, RS, Brazil were asked to respond to a standardized questionnaire (baseline). We followed them between May-June 2020 (first follow-up point), August-December 2020 (second follow-up point), and from October 2021 to March 2022 (third follow-up point), and asked them if they were: (1) afraid that their infant/toddler would become infected with COVID or get sick (yes/no), (2) afraid that they would contaminate their own child with COVID, and/or (3) worried about the pandemic's effects on their child's future. At baseline and at all follow-up points, we assessed depressive symptoms using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and anxiety symptoms using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, creating symptom trajectories using group-based trajectory modelling. We used multinomial logistic regression to calculate adjusted relative risk ratios (RRR). Results: A total of 1,296 mothers participated. Worrying about the pandemic's effects on their child's future and the fear of contaminating their own child with COVID-19 increased the risk of raising depressive symptoms to a clinical level (RRR = 4.97, 95%CI 2.32-10.64 and RRR = 3.87, 95%CI 1.58- 9.47, respectively) and anxiety to a moderate level (RRR = 2.91, 95%CI 1.69-5.01 and RRR = 1.86, 95%CI 1.03-3.35, respectively). Conclusion: Fear for their children increased maternal depressive and anxiety symptoms during the pandemic.
- Subjects
RIO Grande (Colo.-Mexico &; Tex.); BRAZIL; COVID-19 pandemic; PRENATAL depression; COHORT analysis; EDINBURGH Postnatal Depression Scale; DEPRESSION in women; GENERALIZED anxiety disorder
- Publication
Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry / Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria, 2023, Vol 45, Issue 6, p491
- ISSN
1516-4446
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.47626/1516-4446-2023-3306