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- Title
Molecular phylogeny and revision of the false violin spiders (Araneae: Drymusidae) of Africa.
- Authors
Labarque, Facundo M; Pérez-González, Abel; Griswold, Charles E
- Abstract
The family Drymusidae includes 16 cryptic spiders that build irregular webs in dark places. The family is distributed in South Africa, the Neotropical and Andean regions. Here, we use a molecular approach to infer the relationships of Drymusidae using three mitochondrial (<italic>COI</italic>, 16S, 12S) and three nuclear (<italic>H3</italic>, 28S, 18S) markers. Our preferred analyses support Drymusidae and its American and African clades, which emerge as sister groups. Our analyses suggest a Gondwanan distribution of Drymusidae and a Westward radiation of <bold><italic>Izithunzi</italic> gen. nov.</bold> within South Africa, but both hypotheses remain to be thoroughly tested. We describe <bold><italic>Izithunzi</italic> gen. nov.</bold> for the African species. All previous African species are redescribed and new combinations are proposed: <bold><italic>Izithunzi capense</italic></bold> (Simon) <bold>comb. nov.</bold>, <bold><italic>Izithunzi productum</italic></bold> (Purcell) <bold>comb. nov.</bold> and <bold><italic>Izithunzi silvicola</italic></bold> (Purcell) <bold>comb. nov</bold>. Two new species are described: <bold><italic>Izithunzi lina</italic> sp. nov.</bold> (known from both sexes) and <bold><italic>Izithunzi zondii</italic> sp. nov.</bold> (known only from females). The male of <bold><italic>I. productum</italic></bold> (Purcell) <bold>comb. nov.</bold> is also described for the first time. We consider <italic>Loxosceles valida</italic> Lawrence, 1964, a junior synonym of <bold><italic>I. capense</italic></bold> (Simon) <bold>comb. nov.</bold> (new synonymy). We also provide a dichotomous key for <bold><italic>Izithunzi</italic> gen. nov.</bold> species.
- Subjects
MOLECULAR phylogeny; LOXOSCELES; ARACHNIDA classification; SPECIES distribution; SPECIES diversity
- Publication
Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2018, Vol 183, Issue 2, p390
- ISSN
0024-4082
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx088