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- Title
The Impact of Forest and Grass Technology Training on the Livelihood Vulnerability of Ecological Forest Rangers.
- Authors
WAN Shenwei; ZHU Hongge; HOU Tiankun; GAO Xiang
- Abstract
(1) Background--China's ecological forest ranger policy protects the forest-dominated ecological environment, and at the same time, it provides public welfare jobs so that people with vulnerable livelihoods can find jobs nearby and receive a certain amount of subsidy income. Forest and grass technology training is an important way to provide ecological forest rangers with basic forest and grass knowledge and improve their livelihood skills. (2) Methods--The research data came from the field survey of ecological forest ranger policy carried out by the research group in Qianshan City, Anhui Province from June to August 2022, and a total of 458 questionnaires were obtained in this survey. The livelihood vulnerability of ecological forest rangers was selected as the explained variable, the forest and grass technology training was selected as the core explanatory variable, whether the labor forces have completed compulsory education or not and the average years of education of the labor forces were selected as the instrumental variables, and the ecological forest rangers' own livelihood capital was selected as the control variable. At first, baseline regression was used to identify the factors affecting the livelihood vulnerability of ecological forest rangers, and then propensity score matching was used to compare and analyze the specific reduction effect of forest and grass technology training on livelihood vulnerability. Finally, the heterogeneity of education was further analyzed. (3) Results--Whether the ecological forest rangers participate in the forest and grass technology training or not and their livelihood capital had a significant negative impact on the livelihood vulnerability of ecological forest rangers. In the OLS baseline regression model, the effect value was -0. 156. However, in the PSM model, the effect value was -0. 049, which indicated that the estimated results obtained by the baseline regression were biased. Although both effects were negative, the ordinary OLS regression used in baseline regression would lead to a larger estimated effect due to the endogeneity problem, while PSM method could better alleviate the endogeneity problem. The participation of the ecological forest rangers in forest and grass technology training could significantly reduce the livelihood vulnerability of the ecological forest rangers by 4. 88%. The true effect value was about 5.0% after the robust estimation using multiple matching methods. The impact of forest and grass technology training on the livelihood vulnerability of the ecological forest rangers was heterogeneous in education. The mean effect value of the group in which the labor forces had all completed compulsory education was 5.4%, while the mean effect value of the group in which the labor forces had not completed compulsory education was 4. 4%. (4) Conclusions and Discussions--The forest and grass technology training not only enables the ecological forest rangers to maintain their basic livelihoods, enables them to develop sustainable livelihoods, but also enables them to diversify their livelihood strategies through the development of other forest-related livelihoods, in order to get rid of livelihood vulnerability, achieve sustainable livelihoods and resist the risk of falling back into poverty. In order to achieve this goal, based on the above analysis, the following policy recommendations are put forward: First, accurately identify the risk of ecological forest rangers returning to poverty, and improve the forestry and grass technology training system and mechanism. Second, help the ecological forest rangers to enhance their own livelihood capital. Third, identify the ecological forest rangers with inadequate education levels and focus on helping them.
- Subjects
ANHUI Sheng (China); CHINA; FOREST rangers; PROPENSITY score matching; ECOLOGICAL surveys; FOREST policy; COMPULSORY education; AGRICULTURAL technology
- Publication
Issues of Forestry Economics, 2023, Vol 43, Issue 3, p270
- ISSN
1005-9709
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.16832/j.cnki.1005-9709.20230030