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- Title
LOCUL ORDINULUI TEUTON ÎN ISTORIA BANATULUI DE SEVERIN.
- Authors
Achim, Viorel
- Abstract
The paper deals with the presence of the Teutonic Order in the southeastern parts of the nowadays Banat in the years 1429 - 1435. Bringing in Teutonic Knights was part of the project developed by King Sigismund of Luxembourg after the defeat at Golubac (June 1428), of strengthening the Danube line, now border of the Hungarian Kingdom with the Ottoman Empire. The thirteen Knights with their servants and hundreds of craftsmen arrived in the region in the fall of 1429, took possession of this region, ruled over six Romanian districts that previously belonged to the counties of Timiş and Caraş, repaired the old castles and build new ones and defended the Hungarian Kingdom against the Ottoman attacks. In 1430, King Sigismund reorganized this region, transforming it into a banate (the Banate of Severin). The banate was a special border organization, where the representative of the king, the ban, concentrated all power (military, administrative and judicial). The first ban of Severin was Nikolaus von Redwitz, the commander of these Teutonic Knights. This Banate of Severin was not a continuation of the Hungarian Banate of Severin from the 13th century (which covered the nowadays Oltenia and a small corner of the nowadays Banat) nor the Banate of Severin from the 14th century, which was actually the western part of the principality of Wallachia. The Banate of Severin (re-)created in 1430 was a province of the Hungarian Kingdom, where the Knights' power was limited, and not a new state of the Teutonic Order (Ordensstaat), as stated in some historical writings. The Teutonic Knights were the ones who gave the first form of this organization. The Banate of Severin was maintained after the Knights left the region and fully crystallized in the sixth decade of the 15th century.
- Publication
Banatica, 2015, Vol 24, Issue 2, p37
- ISSN
1222-0612
- Publication type
Article