The article offers information on the pastoralist Peul and the Tuareg as the indigenous peoples in Burkina Faso. The Tuareg and Peul most live in areas that are geographically isolated, economically marginalised and frequently the victims of human rights abuses. The Constitution guarantees health and education for all, but the nomadic populations can just enjoy the rights to a very limited extent due to lack of proper infrastructure and resources.