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- Title
Global critical soil moisture thresholds of plant water stress.
- Authors
Fu, Zheng; Ciais, Philippe; Wigneron, Jean-Pierre; Gentine, Pierre; Feldman, Andrew F.; Makowski, David; Viovy, Nicolas; Kemanian, Armen R.; Goll, Daniel S.; Stoy, Paul C.; Prentice, Iain Colin; Yakir, Dan; Liu, Liyang; Ma, Hongliang; Li, Xiaojun; Huang, Yuanyuan; Yu, Kailiang; Zhu, Peng; Li, Xing; Zhu, Zaichun
- Abstract
During extensive periods without rain, known as dry-downs, decreasing soil moisture (SM) induces plant water stress at the point when it limits evapotranspiration, defining a critical SM threshold (θcrit). Better quantification of θcrit is needed for improving future projections of climate and water resources, food production, and ecosystem vulnerability. Here, we combine systematic satellite observations of the diurnal amplitude of land surface temperature (dLST) and SM during dry-downs, corroborated by in-situ data from flux towers, to generate the observation-based global map of θcrit. We find an average global θcrit of 0.19 m3/m3, varying from 0.12 m3/m3 in arid ecosystems to 0.26 m3/m3 in humid ecosystems. θcrit simulated by Earth System Models is overestimated in dry areas and underestimated in wet areas. The global observed pattern of θcrit reflects plant adaptation to soil available water and atmospheric demand. Using explainable machine learning, we show that aridity index, leaf area and soil texture are the most influential drivers. Moreover, we show that the annual fraction of days with water stress, when SM stays below θcrit, has increased in the past four decades. Our results have important implications for understanding the inception of water stress in models and identifying SM tipping points. Using systematic satellite observations of land surface temperature and soil moisture during soil dry-downs, the spatially-explicit global distribution of the critical soil moisture threshold of plant water stress and its drivers is uncovered.
- Subjects
PLANT-water relationships; SOIL moisture; LAND surface temperature; AQUATIC plants; SOIL temperature
- Publication
Nature Communications, 2024, Vol 15, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
2041-1723
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1038/s41467-024-49244-7