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- Title
Effectiveness of nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) on cadmium removal in calcareous soil and acidic soil.
- Authors
Mehrab, Narges; Chorom, Mostafa; Fernandes de Souza, Marcella; Meers, Erik
- Abstract
The use of chelators with high biodegradability is a promising strategy to remove potentially toxic elements (PTEs) from soils by washing. The current study investigated the potential of nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) to remove Cd from Cd-contaminated soil from Iran (calcareous soil, ICd) and Belgium (acidic soil, BCd). Washing tests were carried out with soils artificially contaminated with 2 levels of Cd (20 and 40 mg kg−1), 4 levels of NTA (0, 2, 5, and 15 mmol L−1), different pHs (4, 7, and 10), and different contact times (20, 40, and 60 min). The results showed that the optimal concentrations of NTA were 5 and 2 mmol L−1 for ICd and BCd, respectively. After using NTA5 compared to NTA0, Cd removal at pH 4, 7, and 10 increased by 1, 76, and 80% in ICd20 and 1, 77, and 81% in ICd40, respectively. These values were 46, 53, and 52% in BCd20 and 32, 64, and 62% in BCd40, respectively, after using NTA2. Also, in the first 20 min of the experiment, 95–100% and 75–80% of the maximum extractable Cd were removed from ICd and BCd, respectively. Moreover, NTA extracted a higher percentage of Ca, Fe, Al, Zn, and Cu from BCd compared to ICd (as an exception, the percentage of Ca extracted at pH 4 was higher in ICd compared to BCd). The results showed that the physical/chemical properties of soils affect the washing efficiency and should be taken into account before selecting the type and dose of chelate to remove metals in a given soil.
- Subjects
IRAN; BELGIUM; ACID soils; CALCAREOUS soils; NITRILOTRIACETIC acid; SOIL washing; COPPER; CADMIUM
- Publication
Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 2023, Vol 16, Issue 11, p1
- ISSN
1866-7511
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s12517-023-11745-y