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- Title
Encapsidation of Staufen-2 Enhances Infectivity of HIV-1.
- Authors
Balakrishnan, Kannan; Jaguva Vasudevan, Ananda Ayyappan; Mohareer, Krishnaveni; Luedde, Tom; Münk, Carsten; Banerjee, Sharmistha
- Abstract
Staufen, the RNA-binding family of proteins, affects various steps in the Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus (HIV-1) replication cycle. While our previous study established Staufen-2–HIV-1 Rev interaction and its role in augmenting nucleocytoplasmic export of RRE-containing viral RNA, viral incorporation of Staufen-2 and its effect on viral propagation were unknown. Here, we report that Staufen-2 interacts with HIV-1 Gag and is incorporated into virions and that encapsidated Staufen-2 boosted viral infectivity. Further, Staufen-2 gets co-packaged into virions, possibly by interacting with host factors Staufen-1 or antiviral protein APOBEC3G, which resulted in different outcomes on the infectivity of Staufen-2-encapsidated virions. These observations suggest that encapsidated host factors influence viral population dynamics and infectivity. With the explicit identification of the incorporation of Staufen proteins into HIV-1 and other retroviruses, such as Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV), we propose that packaging of RNA binding proteins, such as Staufen, in budding virions of retroviruses is probably a general phenomenon that can drive or impact the viral population dynamics, infectivity, and evolution.
- Subjects
SIMIAN immunodeficiency virus; RETROVIRUSES; RNA-binding proteins; HIV; POPULATION dynamics
- Publication
Viruses (1999-4915), 2021, Vol 13, Issue 12, p2459
- ISSN
1999-4915
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/v13122459