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- Title
Catalytic hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of biomass for bio-crude production using Ni/HZSM-5 catalysts.
- Authors
Shouyun Cheng; Lin Wei; Alsowij, Mustafa; Corbin, Fletcher; Boakye, Eric; Zhengrong Gu; Raynie, Douglas
- Abstract
Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) is an effective method that can convert biomass into bio-crude, but direct use of bio-crude derived from biomass HTL remains a challenge due to the lower quality. In this study, bifunctional Ni/HZSM-5 catalysts and zinc hydrolysis were combined to produce upgraded bio-crude in an in-situ HTL process. The K2CO3 and HZSM-5 catalysts with different Ni loading ratios were tested. The effects of different catalysts on the yield and quality of bio-crude and gas were investigated. The results indicated that the catalysts improved bio-crude and gas yields, compared to pine sawdust liquefaction without catalyst. The catalysts reduced the contents of undesirable oxygenated compounds such as acids, ketones, phenols, alcohols and esters in bio-crude products while increased desirable hydrocarbons content. K2CO3 produced highest bio-crude yield and lowest solid residue yield among all catalysts. Compared to parent HZSM-5 catalyst, bifunctional Ni/HZSM-5 catalysts exhibited higher catalyst activity to improve quality of upgraded bio-crude due to its integration of cracking and hydrodeoxygenation reactions. 6%Ni/HZSM-5 catalyst produced the bio-crude with the highest hydrocarbons content at 11.02%. This catalyst can be a candidate for bio-crude production from biomass HTL.
- Subjects
BIOMASS liquefaction; BIOMASS; BIOMASS energy; HYDROLYSIS; CATALYSTS; LIQUEFACTION (Physics)
- Publication
AIMS Environmental Science, 2017, Vol 4, Issue 3, p417
- ISSN
2372-0344
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3934/environsci.2017.3.417