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- Title
A PHYLOGENY AND CLASSIFICATION OF THE MUHLENBERGIINAE (POACEAE: CHLORIDOIDEAE: CYNODONTEAE) BASED ON PLASTID AND NUCLEAR DNA SEQUENCES.
- Authors
PETERSON, PAUL M.; ROMASCHENKO, KONSTANTIN; JOHNSON, GABRIEL
- Abstract
• Premise of the study: To understand the origins of C4 grasslands, we must have a better interpretation of plant traits via phylogenetic reconstruction. Muhlenbergiinae, the largest subtribe of C4 grasses in Mexico and the southwestern United States (with 176 species), is taxonomically poorly understood. • Methods: We conducted a phylogenetic analysis of 47 genera and 174 species using six plastid regions (ndhA intron, ndhF. rps16-trnK, rps16 intron, rps3, and rp132-trnL) and the nuclear ITS 1 and 2 (ribosomal internal transcribed spacer) regions to infer evolutionary relationships and revise the classification. • Key results: In our analyses, Muhlenbergia (ca. 153 species) is paraphyletic, with nine genera (Aegopogon, Bealia, Blepharon-euron, Chaboissaea, Lycurus, Muhlenbergia, Pereilema, Redfieldia, Schaffnerella, and Schedonnardus) found nested within. We recognized the following five well-supported monophyletic lineages within Muhlenbergia: subg. Muhlenbergia, with species that have phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase-like leaf anatomy and long, scaly rhizomes; subg. Trichochloa with long-lived species that are relatively tall (up to 3 m); subg. Clomena with 3-nerved upper glumes; sect. Pseudosporobolus species with narrow panicles and plumbeous spikelets; and sect. Bealia species with lemmas with hairy margins and midveins. • Conclusions: We propose expanding the circumscription of Muhlenbergia to include the other nine genera in this subtribe and make the following new combinations: Muhlenbergia subg. Bealia, M. diandra, M. geminiflora, M. paniculata, M. phleoides, M. subg. Pseudosporobolus (also lectotipified), M. solisii, M. tricholepis. We also propose several new names: M. ammophila, M. columbi, M. plumosa. Our phylograms suggest that Muhlenbergia originated in North America because the sister (Sohnsia filifolia and Scleropogoninae) is composed of predominantly North American species.
- Subjects
BIOGEOGRAPHY; PHYLOGENY; NUCLEOTIDE sequence; GRASSES; ECOSYSTEM management
- Publication
American Journal of Botany, 2010, Vol 97, Issue 9, p1532
- ISSN
0002-9122
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3732/ajb.0900359