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- Title
CT evaluation of cervical surface anatomy with vertebral levels in an adult population.
- Authors
G., Açar; A. E., Çiçekcibaşı; N., Seher; M., Koplay
- Abstract
Objective: Cervical surface anatomy describes the positions of deep structures in the neck in relation to surface landmarks such as the thyroid and cricoid cartilages. It is of great importance in differential diagnosis, clinical practice and also, provides both qualitative and quantitative information for surgical interventions. The aim of this study was to reassess and establish the variations in positions of major anatomical landmarks in the neck and the relationship of them with vertebra levels using computed tomography (CT). Methods: Cervical CT angiography scans of 181 patients (110 male, 71 female, age rnge: 18-86 years) were analyzed. The vertebra levels of the hard and soft palate, hyoid, epiglottis, thyroid and cricoid cartilages, carotid bifurcation, inferior thyroid and vertebral arteries were identified. Results: The vertebral levels were identified most frequently such as; body of hyoid bone at C4lower (63,5%), greater horn of hyoid bone C4upper (60.7%); thyroid cartilage superior and inferior border at C5upper (51.4%) and C6upper (48.6%); cricoid cartilage C6 (56.9%); superior and inferior horns of thyroid cartilage C4lower (61.3%) and C6lower (45.6%); right and left carotid bifurcation at C3-C4 (32.6% and 33%) and C4-C5 (24.3% and 18.2%), right and left superior thyroid arteries C3-C4 (46.4% and 54.7%). The vertebral arteries entered the C6 transverse foramen in more than 85% of scans. Conclusion: Because of the wide range of variation among indivisuals and ethnicities, surface landmarks only provide general reference points. Also, they provide both qualitative and quantitative information for clinicians in differential diagnosis and treating cervical pathology.
- Subjects
TRACHEAL cartilage; ANATOMY; HYOID bone; VERTEBRAL artery; SOFT palate; HARD palate
- Publication
Anatomy: International Journal of Experimental & Clinical Anatomy, 2019, Vol 13, Issue Supplement2, pS150
- ISSN
1307-8798
- Publication type
Article