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- Title
Trypanosoma ( Megatrypanum) melophagium in the Sheep Ked Melophagus ovinus from Organic Farms in Croatia: Phylogenetic Inferences Support Restriction to Sheep and Sheep Keds and Close Relationship with Trypanosomes from Other Ruminant Species.
- Authors
Martinković, Franjo; Matanović, Krešimir; Rodrigues, Adriana C.; Garcia, Herakles A.; Teixeira, Marta M. G.
- Abstract
ABSTRACT Trypanosoma ( Megatrypanum) melophagium is a parasite of sheep transmitted by sheep keds, the sheep-restricted ectoparasite Melophagus ovinus ( Diptera: Hippoboscidae). Sheep keds were 100% prevalent in sheep from five organic farms in Croatia, Southeastern Europe, whereas trypanosomes morphologically compatible with T. melophagium were 86% prevalent in the guts of the sheep keds. Multilocus phylogenetic analyses using sequences of small subunit rRNA, glycosomal glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, spliced leader, and internal transcribed spacer 1 of the rDNA distinguished T. melophagium from all allied trypanosomes from other ruminant species and placed the trypanosome in the subgenus Megatrypanum. Trypanosomes from sheep keds from Croatia and Scotland, the only available isolates for comparison, shared identical sequences. All biologic and phylogenetic inferences support the restriction of T. melophagium to sheep and, especially, to the sheep keds. The comparison of trypanosomes from sheep, cattle, and deer from the same country, which was never achieved before this work, strongly supported the host-restricted specificity of trypanosomes of the subgenus Megatrypanum. Our findings indicate that with the expansion of organic farms, both sheep keds and T. melophagium may re-emerge as parasitic infections of sheep.
- Subjects
CROATIA; BALKAN Peninsula; TRYPANOSOMA; SHEEP-tick; ORGANIC farming; PHYLOGENY; RUMINANTS; DEHYDROGENASES; RECOMBINANT DNA
- Publication
Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology, 2012, Vol 59, Issue 2, p134
- ISSN
1066-5234
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/j.1550-7408.2011.00599.x