We found a match
Your institution may have access to this item. Find your institution then sign in to continue.
- Title
Serum biomarker levels in smokers and non-smokers following periodontal therapy. A prospective cohort study.
- Authors
Knie, Lorenz V.; Leknes, Knut N.; Xue, Ying; Lie, Stein Atle; Bunæs, Dagmar F.
- Abstract
Background: To compare presence and levels of serum cytokines in smokers and non-smokers with periodontitis following periodontal therapy. Methods: Thirty heavy smokers and 30 non-smokers with stage III or IV periodontitis were included in this prospective cohort study. Clinical data and blood serum were collected at baseline (T0), after step I-III (T1), and after 12 months step IV periodontal therapy (T2). Cytokine IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, IL-10, and IP-10 levels were measured using multiplex kit Bio-Plex Human Pro™ Assay. Linear regression models with cluster robust variance estimates to adjust for repeated observations were used to test intra- and intergroup levels for each marker, IL-6 and IL-8 defined as primary outcomes. Results: Clinical outcomes improved in both groups following therapy (p < 0.05). IL-6 levels increased with 75.0% from T0-T2 among smokers (p = 0.004). No significant intra- or intergroup differences were observed for IL-8. Higher levels of TNF-α (44.1%) and IL-10 (50.6%) were detected in smokers compared with non-smokers at T1 (p = 0.007 and p = 0.037, respectively). From T1-T2, differences in mean change over time for levels of TNF-α and IL-10 were observed in smokers compared with non-smokers (p = 0.005 and p = 0.008, respectively). Conclusion: Upregulated levels of serum cytokines in smokers indicate a systemic effect of smoking following periodontal therapy. Differences in cytokine levels between smokers and non-smokers demonstrate a smoking induced modulation of specific systemic immunological responses in patients with severe periodontitis.
- Subjects
PERIODONTITIS treatment; T-test (Statistics); SMOKING; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; RETROSPECTIVE studies; LONGITUDINAL method; NON-smokers; CYTOKINES; DATA analysis software; INFLAMMATION; BIOMARKERS; REGRESSION analysis
- Publication
BMC Oral Health, 2024, Vol 24, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
1472-6831
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1186/s12903-024-04196-8