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- Title
Transient Left Ventricular Dysfunction from Cardiomyopathies to Myocardial Viability: When and Why Cardiac Function Recovers.
- Authors
Trimarchi, Giancarlo; Teresi, Lucio; Licordari, Roberto; Pingitore, Alessandro; Pizzino, Fausto; Grimaldi, Patrizia; Calabrò, Danila; Liotta, Paolo; Micari, Antonio; de Gregorio, Cesare; Di Bella, Gianluca
- Abstract
Transient left ventricular dysfunction (TLVD), a temporary condition marked by reversible impairment of ventricular function, remains an underdiagnosed yet significant contributor to morbidity and mortality in clinical practice. Unlike the well-explored atherosclerotic disease of the epicardial coronary arteries, the diverse etiologies of TLVD require greater attention for proper diagnosis and management. The spectrum of disorders associated with TLVD includes stress-induced cardiomyopathy, central nervous system injuries, histaminergic syndromes, various inflammatory diseases, pregnancy-related conditions, and genetically determined syndromes. Furthermore, myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA) origins such as coronary artery spasm, coronary thromboembolism, and spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) may also manifest as TLVD, eventually showing recovery. This review highlights the range of ischemic and non-ischemic clinical situations that lead to TLVD, gathering conditions like Tako-Tsubo Syndrome (TTS), Kounis syndrome (KS), Myocarditis, Peripartum Cardiomyopathy (PPCM), and Tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy (TIC). Differentiation amongst these causes is crucial, as they involve distinct clinical, instrumental, and genetic predictors that bode different outcomes and recovery potential for left ventricular function. The purpose of this review is to improve everyday clinical approaches to treating these diseases by providing an extensive survey of conditions linked with TLVD and the elements impacting prognosis and outcomes.
- Subjects
LEFT ventricular dysfunction; CARDIOMYOPATHIES; TAKOTSUBO cardiomyopathy; SPONTANEOUS coronary artery dissection; CENTRAL nervous system injuries; MUCOCUTANEOUS lymph node syndrome; PERIPARTUM cardiomyopathy
- Publication
Biomedicines, 2024, Vol 12, Issue 5, p1051
- ISSN
2227-9059
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/biomedicines12051051