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- Title
Prognostic Factors of Long-Term Outcomes after Primary Chemo-Radiotherapy in Non-Metastatic Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: An International Bicentric Cohort.
- Authors
Iseas, Soledad; Prost, Diego; Bouchereau, Sarah; Golubicki, Mariano; Robbio, Juan; Oviedo, Ana; Coraglio, Mariana; Kujaruk, Mirta; Méndez, Guillermo; Carballido, Marcela; Roca, Enrique; Gros, Louis; De Parades, Vincent; Baba-Hamed, Nabil; Adam, Julien; Abba, Martín Carlos; Raymond, Eric
- Abstract
Anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) is a rare malignancy with a rising incidence associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. The locally advanced disease is associated with a 30% rate of treatment failure after standard chemoradiotherapy (CRT). We aimed to elucidate the prognostic factors for ASCC after curative CRT. A retrospective multicenter study of 176 consecutive patients with ASCC having completed CRT treated between 2010 and 2017 at two centers was performed. Complete response (CR), disease-free survival (DFS), and overall survival (OS) were analyzed by Kaplan–Meier estimates with log-rank tests. The hierarchical clustering on principal components (HCPC) method was employed in an unsupervised and multivariate approach. The CR rate was 70% and was predictive of DFS (p < 0.0001) and OS (p < 0.0001), where non-CR cases were associated with shorter DFS (HR = 16.5, 95% CI 8.19–33.21) and OS (HR = 8.42, 95% CI 3.77–18.81) in a univariate analysis. The median follow-up was 38 months, with a 3-year DFS of 71%. The prognostic factors for DFS were cT1-T2 (p = 0.0002), N0 (p = 0.035), HIV-positive (p = 0.047), HIV-HPV coinfection (p = 0.018), and well-differentiated tumors (p = 0.037). The three-year OS was 81.6%. Female sex (p = 0.05), cT1-T2 (p = 0.02) and well-differentiated tumors (p = 0.003) were associated with better OS. The unsupervised analysis demonstrated a clear segregation of patients in three clusters, identifying that poor prognosis clusters associated with shorter DFS (HR = 1.74 95% CI = 1.25–2.42, p = 0.0008) were enriched with the locally advanced disease, anal canal location, HIV-HPV coinfection, and non-CR. In conclusion, our results reinforce the prognostic value of T stage, N stage, sex, differentiation status, tumor location, and HIV-HPV coinfection in ASCC after CRT.
- Subjects
PROGNOSIS; SQUAMOUS cell carcinoma; ANAL cancer; HUMAN papillomavirus; PROGRESSION-free survival; CHEMORADIOTHERAPY
- Publication
Biomedicines, 2023, Vol 11, Issue 3, p791
- ISSN
2227-9059
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/biomedicines11030791