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- Title
Innate immune cell activation after HIV-1 vaccine administration is associated with increased antibody production.
- Authors
N'guessan, Kombo F.; Machmach, Kawthar; Swafford, Isabella; Costanzo, Margaret C.; Wieczorek, Lindsay; Dohoon Kim; Akapirat, Siriwat; Polonis, Victoria R.; Punnee Pitisuttithum; Nitayaphan, Sorachai; Gurunathan, Sanjay; Sinangil, Faruk; Suwat Chariyalertsak; Ake, Julie A.; O'connell, Robert J.; Vasan, Sandhya; Paquin-Proulx, Dominic
- Abstract
The RV144 Thai phase III clinical trial's canarypox-protein HIV vaccine regimen showed modest efficacy in reducing infection. We therefore sought to determine the effects of vaccine administration on innate cell activation and subsequent associations with vaccine-induced immune responses. RV306 was a randomized, double-blind clinical trial in HIVuninfected Thai adults that tested delayed boosting following the RV144 regimen. PBMC collected from RV306 participants prior to and 3 days after the last boost were used to investigate innate immune cell activation. Our analysis showed an increase in CD38+ mucosal associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, CD38+ invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells, CD38+ γδ T cells, CD38+, CD69+ and HLA-DR+ NK cells 3 days after vaccine administration. An increase in CD14-CD16+ non-classical monocytes and CD14+CD16+ intermediate monocytes accompanied by a decrease in CD14+CD16- classical monocytes was also associated with vaccine administration. Inclusion of ALVAC-HIV in the boost did not further increase MAIT, iNKT, γδ T, and NK cell activation or increase the proportion of non-classical monocytes. Additionally, NK cell activation 3 days after vaccination was positively associated with antibody titers of HIV Env-specific total IgG and IgG1. Vd1 T cell activation 3 days after vaccine administration was associated with HIV Env-specific IgG3 titers. Finally, we observed trending associations between MAIT cell activation and Env-specific IgG3 titers and between NK cell activation and TH023 pseudovirus neutralization titers. Our study identifies a potential role for innate cells, specifically NK, MAIT, and γδ T cells, in promoting antibody responses following HIV-1 vaccine administration.
- Subjects
ANTIBODY formation; KILLER cells; CLINICAL trials; THAI people; T cells
- Publication
Frontiers in Immunology, 2024, p1
- ISSN
1664-3224
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3389/fimmu.2024.1339727