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- Title
Oat (Avena sativa L.) haploid embryo production by oat x maize (Zea mays L.) crosses.
- Authors
Dziurka, Kinga; Noga, Angelika; Marcińska, Izabela; Czyczyło-Mysza, Ilona; Warchoł, Marzena; Kapłoniak, Kamila; Warzecha, Tomasz; Sutkowska, Agnieszka; Werwińska, Krystyna; Nita, Zygmunt; Skrzypek, Edyta
- Abstract
Haploidization is one of the methods of creating new cultivars that allows to shorten the production time of new cultivars. The aim of this study was to increase the efficiency of oat haploid embryos germination obtained by the wide crossing method. The experiments were performed on 40 oat (Avena sativa L.) F1 progeny derived from Strzelce Plant Breeding Ltd. Oat emasculation was done 8 weeks after sowing. Plants were pollinated with maize and treated with a 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D). Three weeks after pollination, enlarged ovaries were collected and surface sterilized. Next embryos were isolated and placed on four regenerating media: (1) - 190-2 (Wang and Hu, 1984) with 0.5 mg dm-3 kinetin, 0.5 mg dm-3 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), 9% maltose, 0.6% agar and pH 6.0, (2) - medium (1) with 50 mg dm-3 cysteine, (3) - medium (1) with 10% v/v coconut water and (4) - medium (1) with 50 mg dm-3 casein hydrolysate. Induction and regeneration of embryos were performed at 16 h photoperiod and light intensity of 130 μmol (photons) m2 s-1 and at 20/17 °C (day/night). Germinated embryos were transferred to MS medium (Murashige and Skoog, 1962) with 1.5% sucrose, solidified with 0.6% agar and pH 5.8. The obtained haploid plants were acclimated to ex vitro conditions. Well-rooted haploid plants were treated with colchicine in order to double the number of chromosomes. Ploidy level of plants was evaluated using a MACS Quant flow cytometer (MACS Quant, prod. Miltenyi Biotec). Of the 40 oats (F1) genotypes, 974 panicles (26960 florets) were emasculated. Seven hundred forty five haploid embryos were obtained, while 211 germinated. The highest number of haploid embryos germinated on medium (1) - 0.40%, and the lowest on medium (4) with casein hydrolysate - 0.09%. On medium (2) with cysteine and on medium (3) with coconut water the percentage of germinating embryos was similar (0.24% and 0.20%, respectively). Addition of cysteine, coconut water and casein hydrolysate inhibited embryos germination. As a result of haploid plants acclimatization to natural conditions and chromosome doubling, 67 doubled haploid (DH) lines were obtained. The number of embryos and regenerated plants depended on the genotype. The embryos were induced in 39 of 40 examined genotypes. The embryos of eight genotypes: 5.8514, STH5.8529, STH4.403/1, STH5.451/1, 5.8422, STH5.8528, 5.8430 and STH5.5046 did not develop into haploid plants. DH lines were obtained from 28 genotypes. The highest number of embryos per emasculated florets (over 5%) was obtained from the genotypes 5.8508, 5.8525 and STH5.8518/1. The most DH lines generated 5.8507, STH5.8504/1 and STH5.8518/1 genotypes. On average, of all tested genotypes, 2.69% of embryos, 0.76% of germinating embryos, 0.43% of haploid plants and 0.24% of DH lines per one hundred emasculated florets were obtained.
- Subjects
OAT breeding; OAT genetics; CROSSBREEDING
- Publication
Cereal Research Communications, 2017, Vol 45, p12
- ISSN
0133-3720
- Publication type
Abstract
- DOI
10.1556/0806.45.2017.100