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- Title
Liver X Receptor: A Novel Therapeutic Target.
- Authors
Patel, M. B.; Oza, N. A.; Anand, I. S.; Deshpande, S. S.; Patel, C. N.
- Abstract
The liver X receptors α and Β are orphan nuclear receptors that are key regulators in maintaining cholesterol homeostasis. Originally they were found to play an important role in reverse cholesterol transport, a pathway for the removal of excess cellular cholesterol. However several groups have now shown that the liver X receptors also functions in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, cellular differentiation, apoptosis and many immune responses. Tissue distribution of the two paralogues differs with liver X receptor Β ubiquitously expressed, while liver X receptor α is confined to the liver, kidney, intestine, spleen, adipose tissue, macrophages and skeletal muscle. The endogenous ligands for the liver X receptors are certain oxidized derivatives of cholesterol, the oxysterols. Upon activation by oxysterols, the receptors form obligate heterodimers with retinoid X receptors α, Β and γ and become competent to activate the transcription of target genes.
- Subjects
NUCLEAR receptors (Biochemistry); LIVER; HOMEOSTASIS; METABOLISM; CELL differentiation; APOPTOSIS; IMMUNE response; LIGANDS (Biochemistry)
- Publication
Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2008, Vol 70, Issue 2, p135
- ISSN
0250-474X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.4103/0250-474X.41445